Development of Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting of Tissue Models

Bioinks are materials used to generate 3D tissue constructs using bioprinters. A bioink can be any natural or synthetic polymer selected for its biocompatible components and favorable rheological properties. Rheology defines biomaterials’ printability that ensures the ink extrusion into filaments while maintaining the shape fidelity and hierarchical placement of the printed cells in 3D. After 3D bioprinting, the crosslinking process provides structural stability to the constructs. Of course, besides excellent bioprinting and crosslinking properties, the other important aspect in bioink development is the support of living cells to facilitate their adhesion, proliferation and differentiation during maturation. An ideal bioink provides binding sites for cells and promotes their own extracellular matrix production, ultimately helping to generate a functional tissue.